Deportation Lawyer in Turkey: Deport Cases, Restriction Codes and Entry Bans 2026

A deportation lawyer in Turkey assists foreign nationals who are facing a removal decision, an entry ban, a restriction code or administrative detention in a Removal Center. Turkish immigration files frequently involve more than one administrative measure at the same time. A foreigner may have a deportation decision, a G-87 or Ç-114 restriction code and a separate entry ban simultaneously.

For this reason, the legal process should not be limited to simply asking how to “remove deportation.” The first step is to determine exactly which administrative decisions exist, why they were issued, when they were notified and which legal remedy applies to each one.

This guide explains the role of a deportation lawyer in Turkey, how deportation decisions can be challenged, the current 7-day lawsuit deadline, who may or may not be deported, how G-87, Ç-114, Ç-116 and other restriction codes work, how entry bans may be challenged, and what can be done when a foreigner is being held in a Turkish Removal Center.

What Does a Deportation Lawyer in Turkey Do?

A deportation lawyer in Turkey reviews all administrative measures recorded against the foreign national and determines which legal remedies should be pursued.

Depending on the circumstances, the legal work may include:

• Reviewing the deportation decision and the legal grounds stated by the administration,
• Determining the notification date and calculating the lawsuit deadline,
• Filing an annulment action before the competent Administrative Court,
• Investigating whether a restriction code exists,
• Examining the legal and factual basis of G-87, Ç-114, Ç-116 or another restriction code,
• Challenging an entry ban imposed against the foreigner,
• Requesting the removal or reconsideration of an unlawful restriction record,
• Reviewing the administrative file relied upon by the Migration Administration,
• Challenging administrative detention before the competent Criminal Judgeship of Peace,
• Assessing the application of the non-refoulement principle,
• Submitting family, residence, employment and education evidence,
• Evaluating whether an annotated visa or special entry procedure may be available.

When Should You Contact a Deportation Lawyer in Turkey?

Contacting a deportation lawyer in Turkey may become particularly important once a formal deportation decision has been served because the statutory period for filing an action is very short.

Legal review may also be necessary where:

• The foreigner has been taken to a Removal Center,
• Entry into Turkey has been refused at an airport or border gate,
• A residence permit has been affected by a restriction record,
• A G-87 or another security-related code has been identified,
• A criminal investigation has resulted in a Ç-114 code,
• The foreigner has a spouse or children residing in Turkey,
• A criminal investigation ended with acquittal or a non-prosecution decision,
• The foreigner fears torture, persecution or serious harm in the country of return.

What Is a Deportation Decision in Turkey?

A deportation decision, legally referred to as a removal decision, is an administrative measure under Law No. 6458 on Foreigners and International Protection.

Under the law, a foreign national subject to removal may be sent to the country of origin, a transit country or a third country to which the person may lawfully be returned.

Removal decisions are issued by governorates. The decision must be communicated together with its reasons to the foreigner, the foreigner’s legal representative or lawyer.

Who May Be Subject to a Deportation Decision?

Article 54 of Law No. 6458 regulates the categories of foreigners against whom a deportation decision may be issued.

These include, subject to the conditions specified by law:

• Foreigners considered for removal under Article 59 of the Turkish Penal Code,
• Persons falling within the statutory provisions concerning terrorist or benefit-oriented criminal organizations,
• Foreigners who submit false information or forged documents during entry, visa or residence permit procedures,
• Foreigners who make their living through illegitimate means while in Turkey,
• Persons considered a threat to public order, public security or public health,
• Foreigners who overstay their visa or visa exemption under the circumstances specified by law,
• Foreigners whose residence permits have been cancelled,
• Foreigners who unlawfully overstay their residence permit,
• Persons determined to be working without a work permit,
• Persons who violate the rules on lawful entry into or departure from Turkey,
• Foreigners who enter Turkey despite an existing entry ban,
• Certain persons whose international protection proceedings have ended and who no longer have another legal right to remain in Turkey,
• Foreigners who fail to leave within the statutory period following rejection of a residence permit extension application.

Who Cannot Be Deported from Turkey?

Article 55 of Law No. 6458 provides important safeguards even where a person may otherwise fall within Article 54.

A removal decision must not be issued in respect of foreigners who fall within the statutory protected categories, including:

• Persons for whom there are serious indications that they would face the death penalty, torture or inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment in the country of return,
• Persons for whom travel would pose a risk because of a serious health condition, age or pregnancy,
• Persons undergoing treatment for a life-threatening condition where adequate treatment is unavailable in the country of return,
• Victims of human trafficking benefiting from victim support programmes,
• Victims of serious psychological, physical or sexual violence until treatment has been completed.

How Can a Deportation Decision Be Appealed in Turkey?

A foreigner, their legal representative or lawyer may file an action against a deportation decision before the competent Administrative Court.

Depending on the case, the following issues may be raised:

• Lack of a sufficient legal basis for removal,
• Incorrect or outdated information relied upon by the administration,
• Mistaken identity or factual errors,
• Insufficient evidence supporting a public-security allegation,
• An acquittal or non-prosecution decision in the underlying criminal matter,
• The foreigner’s marriage, children and established family life in Turkey,
• Long-term lawful residence, employment or education in Turkey,
• The proportionality of the interference with private and family life,
• A real risk of torture, persecution or serious harm in the receiving country,
• The protections contained in Article 55 and the non-refoulement principle.

A deportation lawyer in Turkey should therefore examine not only the wording of the removal decision but also the administrative documents and factual allegations behind it.

How Long Do You Have to Challenge Deportation in Turkey?

Under the current version of Article 53 of Law No. 6458, a foreigner, legal representative or lawyer may apply to the Administrative Court within seven days from notification of the removal decision.

Under the current statutory framework, once the defence has been submitted or the time for submitting it has expired, the file is considered complete. The court is required to conclude the case within fifteen days after completion of the file, or following completion of an interim order or hearing where one is necessary.

Because of this short filing period, contacting a deportation lawyer in Turkey promptly after notification may prevent loss of the right to judicial review.

Does Filing a Deportation Lawsuit Stop Removal?

Under the current wording of Article 53, without prejudice to the foreigner’s consent, the foreigner is not removed during the period for bringing the action or, where judicial proceedings have been initiated within the statutory period, until the proceedings are concluded.

What Is a Restriction Code in Turkey?

A restriction code, commonly known in Turkish as a tahdit kodu, is an administrative record used in immigration files. It may relate to lawful stay, entry and exit, residence permits, judicial proceedings, public order, public security or another immigration-related matter.

Depending on the code and the administrative measure connected with it, the record may affect:

• Entry into Turkey,
• Visa applications,
• Residence permit procedures,
• Removal proceedings,
• Entry bans,
• Other immigration or citizenship procedures.

Common Restriction Codes in Turkey

Many different restriction codes are used in Turkish immigration practice. There is no single comprehensive public list published by the Migration Administration containing every current code, its exact factual basis and all of its legal consequences. The actual administrative record should therefore be checked in each individual case.

What Is the G-87 Restriction Code?

G-87 is one of the most significant restriction codes encountered in Turkish foreigners law. It is described in Turkish judicial decisions as a record relating to general security.

A G-87 record may be connected with an entry ban, residence permit proceedings or a removal decision. However, the existence of G-87 does not itself establish that the foreign national has been convicted of a terrorist offence or any other crime.

In G-87 cases, a deportation lawyer in Turkey may examine:

• The information relied upon by the administration,
• Whether the information concerns the correct person,
• Whether the intelligence or administrative record is current,
• Whether a criminal investigation exists,
• Whether the investigation resulted in acquittal or non-prosecution,
• Whether there is concrete information justifying the continued restriction.

What Is the Ç-114 Restriction Code?

Ç-114 is associated in Turkish judicial practice with foreigners who have been subject to judicial proceedings.

Being investigated or having been the subject of a judicial procedure does not mean that the person has been convicted.

Accordingly, documents such as:

• A decision of non-prosecution,
• An acquittal judgment,
• A dismissal or termination decision,
• Evidence demonstrating that the event did not concern the foreigner

may be highly relevant when seeking reconsideration or annulment of an administrative measure based on Ç-114.

Where a Ç-114 record exists together with a removal decision, a deportation lawyer in Turkey should examine both measures separately rather than assuming that cancellation of one automatically cancels the other.

What Is the Ç-116 Restriction Code?

Ç-116 is commonly associated in immigration practice with administrative assessments concerning public morality or public health.

In these files, the actual police or administrative report, the circumstances of the incident, statements made by the foreigner and the evidence relied upon by the administration should be examined.

Where the code is based on incorrect, incomplete or insufficient information, an administrative application or an annulment action may be considered depending on the precise administrative decision.

What Is the Ç-117 Restriction Code?

Ç-117 is commonly associated with foreigners determined to have worked without a valid work permit.

The legal review should consider:

• Whether an employment relationship actually existed,
• Whether a valid work permit was held,
• The content of the official inspection report,
• Social security records,
• Any administrative fine imposed,
• Whether a separate removal or entry-ban decision was issued.

What Is the Ç-141 Restriction Code?

Ç-141 is associated in practice with cases in which the foreigner’s entry into Turkey becomes subject to permission or approval by the competent authority.

Where entry has been refused because of such a record, the reason for the restriction and the existence of any separate entry ban should be investigated.

How Can a Restriction Code Be Removed in Turkey?

There is no single procedure that applies to every restriction code. The appropriate route depends on the code, the factual reason behind it and the administrative measure associated with the record.

1. Identify the Restriction and Its Legal Basis

The first questions should be:

• Which restriction code exists?
• When was it entered into the system?
• What factual incident caused the restriction?
• Which authority or agency supplied the underlying information?
• Is there also an entry ban?
• Is there a separate removal decision?

2. Administrative Application

Where the underlying reason has disappeared, the record is inaccurate or new documents have become available, an administrative request for reconsideration may be possible.

Relevant evidence can include:

• Acquittal decisions,
• Non-prosecution decisions,
• Current residence documents,
• Address records,
• Entry and exit records,
• Proof that an administrative fine was paid,
• Marriage certificates and evidence relating to children or other family ties.

3. Annulment Lawsuit

Where the restriction or related administrative decision is unlawful, judicial review before the Administrative Court may be considered in accordance with the nature of the administrative measure and the applicable filing period.

How Can an Entry Ban to Turkey Be Removed?

An entry ban may exist together with a restriction code but can also constitute a separate administrative measure.

Before deciding how to proceed, the following should be examined:

• The legal reason for the entry ban,
• The duration of the ban,
• The starting date,
• Whether it resulted from a visa or residence overstay,
• Whether an administrative fine remains unpaid,
• Whether there is a security or judicial basis,
• Whether there is a separate restriction code,
• Whether an administrative challenge or lawsuit is appropriate.

Can You Re-enter Turkey with an Annotated Visa?

In certain circumstances, a foreigner subject to an entry restriction may be able to seek a visa based on a specific purpose such as family reunification, employment, education or medical treatment.

This is commonly referred to in Turkish immigration practice as a meşruhatlı vize or annotated visa.

However, an annotated visa is not a universal solution for every restriction code or entry ban. The particular reason for the restriction and the applicant’s circumstances must be reviewed first.

What Happens If a Foreigner Is Held in a Removal Center?

A foreigner against whom a removal decision has been issued may also be placed under administrative detention if the statutory conditions are met.

A deportation lawyer in Turkey dealing with a Removal Center case should determine whether the file includes:

• A removal decision,
• An administrative detention decision,
• A restriction code,
• An entry ban,
• Alternative obligations under Article 57/A.

These procedures should not be confused with one another.

Appeal Against Administrative Detention

A person under administrative detention, their legal representative or lawyer may challenge the detention before the competent Criminal Judgeship of Peace.

The challenge against administrative detention is separate from the action brought before the Administrative Court against the deportation decision.

How Long Can Administrative Detention Last?

Under Article 57, administrative detention for removal purposes generally cannot exceed six months. The period may be extended for a maximum of an additional six months where removal cannot be completed because the foreigner fails to cooperate or fails to provide correct information or documents concerning the country of origin.

The necessity of continuing detention must also be reviewed regularly by the administration.

Can a Foreigner with a Spouse or Children in Turkey Be Deported?

The existence of a spouse, children or an established family life in Turkey may be highly relevant to the legality and proportionality of a deportation measure.

Useful evidence may include:

• Marriage records,
• Birth certificates,
• Residence records showing shared family life,
• School records of children,
• Evidence of financial or personal dependence,
• Evidence showing the duration and reality of family life in Turkey.

However, family ties do not automatically prevent removal in every case. The reasons relied upon by the administration must be balanced against the effects of the measure on the foreigner and family members.

Can Turkey Deport a Foreigner to a Country Where They Face Torture or Persecution?

The principle of non-refoulement is a fundamental protection in foreigners law.

Under Article 4 of Law No. 6458, no person within the scope of the law may be returned to a place where they would be subjected to torture, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, or where their life or freedom would be threatened because of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion.

Evidence in such cases may include:

• Arrest warrants or court documents from the country of origin,
• Documented personal threats,
• Evidence of previous persecution,
• Medical reports,
• Reliable country-of-origin reports,
• Documents concerning political, religious or other individual circumstances relevant to the alleged risk.

What Is the Difference Between Deportation, an Entry Ban and a Restriction Code?

Can a Deportation Decision and Restriction Code Exist at the Same Time?

Yes. This is common in practice.

For example, a foreigner may have a G-87 restriction record and also be subject to a removal decision on public-security grounds.

In such a case, a deportation lawyer in Turkey should determine whether separate proceedings are required against the removal decision, the restriction record and any entry ban.

Frequently Asked Questions About Deportation and Restriction Codes

Related Articles

• Annulment of a Deportation Decision in Turkey
• Restriction Codes in Turkey
• How Can I Find Out Whether I Have a Restriction Code?
• How to Remove the G-87 Restriction Code
• How to Remove the Ç-114 Restriction Code
• How to Remove the Ç-116 Restriction Code
• Entry Bans for Foreigners in Turkey

Official Sources

• Presidency of Migration Management – Removal Procedures
• Republic of Türkiye – Presidency of Migration Management

Conclusion

Deportation cases in Turkey often involve more than the deportation decision itself. A foreigner may simultaneously face a restriction code, an entry ban and administrative detention. For this reason, the role of a deportation lawyer in Turkey begins with identifying all administrative measures affecting the foreigner.

Where a formal removal decision has been issued, the seven-day filing deadline requires immediate attention. The grounds relied upon by the administration, the foreigner’s family life, criminal proceedings, residence history and any risk of torture or persecution in the country of return should then be assessed together.

For restriction codes such as G-87, Ç-114 or Ç-116, the actual basis of the record should also be identified. An intelligence record, police report or criminal investigation should not simply be assumed to justify an indefinite immigration restriction without examining its accuracy, relevance and current legal effect.

A deportation lawyer in Turkey may therefore need to pursue different remedies for the removal decision, restriction code, entry ban and administrative detention depending on the individual circumstances.